Friday, May 31, 2013

Fair Market vs. Appraised Value


Some real estate buyers can confuse the fair market value of a property with its appraisal value. However, the two terms are not synonymous. Basically, the fair market value of a property is defined as the highest price a buyer will pay and the lowest amount a seller will receive for a piece of real estate that neither party is obligated to buy or sell. Area demand for real estate also factors into the equation. On the other hand, appraisal value concerns the value of a home as it relates to square footage, condition, and age. In fact the appraisal value of a home is an important aspect of real estate financing as it determines how much a buyer can borrow and if he'll also need to buy private mortgage insurance for the real estate. That's because the appraisal value also determines the loan-to-value ratio or LTV. If the LTV is more than 80%, the borrower will need to buy the insurance. Otherwise, he can forego the coverage. A good lending company can clear up any confusion you may have about values and costs too.

Mike Ervin
Senior Mortgage Banker
NMLS # 282715
Office: 650-735-5261
Cell: 650-766-8500
mike@mikeervin.com

Tuesday, May 21, 2013

Market Whipsaws and Whiplash.

We all know what the term whiplash means when someone gets into a car accident. When we hear the term, we envision a painful neck injury and maybe a neck brace. This term is also often used with the term "whipsaw" when observing the markets. A whipsaw occurs when the market moves erratically in several directions. And if you follow that market, you can get economic whiplash. Now the stock market has not been that erratic as it has steadily moved upward this year with a few days of retrenchment here and there. However, the bond market has been a bit more schizophrenic in its personality this year. For the past few years, the bond market has been a safe haven from volatile markets. The Federal Reserve Board pushed rates down and the struggling economy kept them down.

Anyone who purchased or refinanced a home or bought a car has seen the benefit of low rates in the past few years. And those who put their money into bonds have seen a good steady return for the most part. At the beginning of this year, it appeared that the economy was going to start to roll. Rates then made their first move upward in the past several months. Then came some headlines in Cyprus, the Boston bombing and some weaker economic reports. Rates edged back down to near historic levels. The stronger-than-expected employment report caused rates to move up in short order. That is a lot of movement for a market which still features historically near record lows. On the other hand, it is a lesson to be learned. When rates decide to move upward, there is nothing the Fed can do about it. And we will get no warning
 

Mike Ervin
Senior Mortgage Banker
NMLS # 282715
Office: 650-735-5261
mike@mikeervin.com

Friday, May 17, 2013

Why Are Rates Rising?

Why Are Rates Rising? This is a question that is being asked all across America. For many market analysts, the recent increase in interest rates is no surprise. Why is that?

The Federal Reserve Board has done everything it can in the past five years to keep rates low so that we can heal from our severe recession and slow recovery. It lowered short-term interest rates to zero. The Fed also has purchased hundreds of billions of dollars of Treasury and Mortgage Securities.

The Fed’s plan to keep rates low worked. However, it worked because the economy remained slow and kept threatening to slip back into recession. The latest threats hit last year in the form of a recession in Europe and our own fumbling of the Federal budget – which became known as the fiscal cliff. Rates were higher during the first part of last year before the threat from Europe became severe. As the focus upon Europe eased and the election came and went, the fiscal cliff negotiations — or lack of them — kept the markets on edge. What if the Federal Government shut down? 

Well, this did not happen. So we come into the second quarter of 2013 with the crisis on the back burner and Europe out of the headlines, at least for the time being. The real estate markets are hot and new home sales, resales and prices are rising. A stronger economy translates into less of a need for record low interest rates. What happened in the past year is a function of rates adjusting downward because of fear and now that this fear is removed, rates are adjusting back to where they were. 

A stronger economy translates into more employment and additional good news for many, but it also carries the risk of higher interest rates. We can’t predict what will happen with the economy from here and that is why we can’t predict the future of rates. If you think the economy and the real estate market is going to continue to get stronger, then you also think that rates are going up from here. This means that if you are thinking about purchasing or refinancing a home, you are best to take action sooner than later. A stronger economy brings higher home prices and higher mortgage rates. That relationship is not likely to change.
Mortgage interest rates ended the week about .25% higher than they started. The technical indicators this week show that Mortgage Backed Securities (MBS) are oversold, meaning we should see some MBS market recovery. That's a lot of technical jargon to say that rates should rebound a little bit next week, but only a little bit.

BOTTOM LINE: Overall we are seeing mortgage rates trending up on signs of an improved economy and record stock market performance. There will be some windows of opportunity, but they are becoming fewer and far between. 

 
Mike Ervin
Senior Mortgage Banker
NMLS # 282715
Office: 650-735-5261
Cell: 650-766-8500
mike@mikeervin.com

Monday, May 13, 2013

Mortgages and the Self Employed

You are self-employed and are looking to purchase a home or refinance your mortgage. You have heard horror stories regarding reams of paperwork and underwriters who wanted two pints of blood in order to approve a loan application. As a matter of fact, you have held off purchasing a home for years because you thought verifying your income may be difficult or impossible.
In this article we will investigate one of the more complex areas of real estate finance. Hopefully we will help dispel some myths and make the process easier for everyone.
Who is self-employed (SE)? For underwriting purposes, someone is considered SE if they own 25% or more of the entity which provides their income. For example, if someone is a sole proprietor (such as a real estate agent)—they are SE. If someone owns at least 25% of a corporation (such as a restaurant) or partnership (such as a law firm), they are SE.
Why is self-employment important? SE is important from an underwriting standpoint because the income derived from SE varies (i.e. variable income). It also is more difficult to calculate than salaried income. This gives rise to two important underwriting concepts—
1. Two year average. The income of a SE applicant is derived by taking a minimum two-year average. For example, if one has earned $50,000 in 2011 and $70,000 in 2012—the average annual income used by an underwriter would be $60,000. Many loan programs will not consider applicants who have been SE less than two years.
2. Net, not gross income. The income used to qualify an applicant is the net income derived from the business. If one owns a restaurant which grosses $2 million annually, this is not relevant because the net of the business may be $30,000 annually. Generally, salary derived from the business can be used (it is still averaged) as long as the salary is supported by the cash flow of the business. In the case of a sole-proprietorship, it is the “net” of the Schedule C which is important.
But what about all those “phantom” write-offs? If you are telling the IRS that it is a business expense, then it is a business expense—though some “non-cash” items such as depreciation may be added to the income.
What should I bring to application? In addition to the “normal” documents, bring two years complete and signed federal tax returns and a profit and loss current through the previous quarter, unless you are applying in the 1st quarter of the year in which case the returns will suffice. If there is a corporation or partnership involved, bring these returns as well.
What about no-income programs? It is true that many who are SE have heard of programs that require no documentation of income. However, these programs are few and far between in the wake of the financial crisis and recession. If you find such a program, it is likely to require a much larger down payment and/or significantly higher rates and fees. You are also required by law to be accurate with regard to the question on the application which asks for your income, regardless of the documentation method.

Mike Ervin
Senior Mortgage Banker
NMLS # 282715
Direct: 650-735-5261
Cell: 650-766-8500
mike@mikeervin.com
 

Wednesday, May 1, 2013

Your Real Estate Purchase: Cash and Carry?

In today’s environment the number of “all cash-deals” are increasing as compared to the overall number of real estate transactions in the United States. Why is that so? Well, there are several reasons. For one, lenders have tightened up on credit requirements. Secondly, investors are dominating many of the sales today, scooping up foreclosures and short-sales. Many of these investors could purchase the homes for cash or they could finance. The next question is—which is better?

The major advantage of purchasing for cash is that an investor or someone purchasing their primary home can act more quickly and the process of purchasing will also be simpler because there is less paperwork. Many times closing quickly can result in a lower price, especially when dealing with a bank. On the other hand, some banks have a tedious contract approval process and therefore, it may take more time than the buyer would envision.

Getting approved for financing before making an offer can often times mitigate the time factor with regard to cash purchases. If someone has already applied and been approved, then the time between contract acceptance and closing can be shortened significantly.

What is the major advantage of financing a home? For one, a home mortgage is the number one tax benefit available in America. Depending upon the tax bracket of the homeowner, one may get anywhere from 15% to 30% of the interest paid back from the government. There are situations in which a tax advantage is not important. If the homeowner does not pay taxes or is in a very low tax bracket, they will not reap the tax benefits. Many investors are self-employed and fall into this category.

The second advantage of financing the home is that the homeowner will not tie up their money. This will help those who are purchasing for investment and those purchasing a home to live in as well. Investors who finance the homes they purchase can obviously purchase more homes if they leverage these purchases. Even if obtaining more homes is not an objective, there are also other uses of this money. Since home loan rates are very low at the present time and there are deductions for homeowners who are investors and those who are purchasing their residences, the capital used for other investment purposes is more likely to achieve positive returns over and above the net cost of interest paid. The advice of a financial planner or other advisor is very important in this regard. Interested in an article listing the tax benefits of owning a home? My contact information is on the bottom of this page.

Even if there is not a goal of investing the money that will be freed up through financing the home, having money in reserve is also important for many homeowners. One thing that the financial crisis has highlighted is the importance of cash reserves. Many seniors indicate that they are uncomfortable with a large mortgage payment. Others recognize that having a few hundred thousand dollars in the bank is another source of comfort. And these reserves that are earning returns can actually be put to use by enabling a prepayment of the mortgage in the long run.

Many with cash will use it to consummate a quick purchase and then look to leverage the home later through a “cash-out refinance.” While this strategy can be sound, we would always recommend meeting with a mortgage professional and financial advisor before setting up that plan and completing the purchase. Not only will you get advice on whether a cash deal makes sense, but also will be able to obtain advice on whether a cash-out refinance is possible and what the terms will be down the road.

Should you finance your purchase or pay cash? Obviously, there are several factors to consider. We would recommend that you not only consider these factors, but make your decision before you purchase the home. Assessing the best use of your money in an environment of low rates with your f financial advisor will be the first step in making an informed decision.
 

Mike Ervin
Senior Mortgage Banker
NMLS # 282715
Office: 650-735-5261
Cell: 650-766-8500
mike@mikeervin.com